While enjoying a peaceful walk across a field or a golf course, your eyes might casually drift to something snaking across the grass. At first glance, it looks like an old rope lazily tossed aside — harmless, unimportant. But take a closer look, and you’ll realize: that’s not a rope at all.
What you’re seeing is a procession of processionary caterpillars, one of nature’s most fascinating — and, in some cases, dangerous — phenomena.
🐛 What Are Processionary Caterpillars?
These caterpillars are the larval stage of a type of moth, commonly the pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa) or oak processionary moth (Thaumetopoea processionea), depending on the region. They’re mainly found in parts of Europe, Asia, and North Africa — often in pine and oak forests.
Their name comes from their unusual marching behavior. They move nose-to-tail in long chains, sometimes hundreds of individuals long, forming what looks like a moving rope. This behavior is called processioning.
🧠 Why Do They Move in a Line?
This marching pattern is a survival strategy. Here’s how it works:
- The lead caterpillar sets the direction.
- The rest follow by touching the hairs or silk trail of the one in front.
- It helps them stay together as a group while searching for food or relocating.
The chain-like movement is instinctual and ensures safety in numbers. Some researchers say it also protects the vulnerable caterpillars from predators — larger groups appear more threatening.
⚠️ Are They Dangerous?
Surprisingly, yes — they can be very dangerous, especially to humans and pets.
Processionary caterpillars are covered in tiny toxic hairs called urticating hairs, which they release as a defense mechanism. These hairs can cause:
In Humans:
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