Cabbage is often hailed as a superfood: it’s low in calories, high in fiber, rich in vitamins C and K, and packed with antioxidants. It’s a staple in many health-conscious diets and features prominently in traditional dishes around the world — from sauerkraut in Germany to kimchi in Korea.
However, like all healthy foods, cabbage isn’t ideal for everyone. For certain individuals, consuming cabbage regularly or in large amounts can lead to unwanted side effects or complications. In this article, we explore 4 types of people who should limit or avoid cabbage — based on science and medical insight.
🧬 1. People with Hypothyroidism (Underactive Thyroid)
Cabbage belongs to the cruciferous vegetable family (which includes broccoli, cauliflower, kale, and Brussels sprouts). These veggies contain goitrogens — compounds that can interfere with thyroid function, especially in people with iodine deficiency.
🔬 What the studies say:
- A study in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (2011) found that excessive intake of goitrogenic vegetables like cabbage may contribute to hypothyroidism, especially in people with pre-existing thyroid dysfunction or low iodine levels.
- Cooking cabbage reduces goitrogenic activity by destroying enzymes responsible for these effects, but large amounts may still pose a risk.
⚠️ Advice: People with thyroid issues should avoid raw cabbage or consume it only in moderation and always cooked.
🌬️ 2. Individuals with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) or Digestive Sensitivity
Cabbage is high in insoluble fiber and contains FODMAPs (fermentable oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols). These fermentable sugars are poorly absorbed in the small intestine and can cause:
- Bloating
- Gas
- Abdominal cramps
- Diarrhea or constipation
🧪 Research findings:
- The Monash University FODMAP Diet Program lists cabbage (particularly savoy and white cabbage) as high FODMAP, meaning it can trigger IBS symptoms in sensitive individuals.
- Fermented cabbage (like kimchi or sauerkraut) may increase bloating further due to additional bacterial fermentation.
⚠️ Advice: Individuals with IBS should consume cabbage in small amounts or avoid it completely depending on their personal tolerance.
💊 3. People Taking Blood Thinners (e.g., Warfarin)
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